4-Aminopyridine

4-Aminopyridine (also known as 4-AP, fampridine, dalfampridine) is a drug primarily used as a research tool in characterizing subtypes of potassium channel, and has been used to manage symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is a non-selective potassium channel blocker.

Chemistry

4-Aminopyridine is a pyridine derivative. Its chemical formula is C5H6N2 and its molecular weight is 94.11 g/mol. It is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water and alcohol.

Pharmacology

4-Aminopyridine blocks voltage-gated potassium channels, thereby leading to the depolarization of the membrane potential (Vm). This depolarization is believed to be responsible for the drug's therapeutic effects. It is also thought to enhance neurotransmitter release, which can improve nerve conduction.

Medical uses

4-Aminopyridine is used to improve walking in adults with several types of multiple sclerosis (MS). It has been shown to increase muscle strength and endurance in patients with MS. It is also used off-label for the treatment of certain types of neuromuscular disease.

Side effects

Common side effects of 4-aminopyridine include dizziness, insomnia, nausea, and headache. More serious side effects may include seizures and allergic reactions.

History

4-Aminopyridine was first synthesized in the late 19th century, but its potential for treating symptoms of MS was not recognized until the 1970s. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in MS in 2010.

See also

• Potassium channel blocker
• Multiple sclerosis