5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one
5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one is a steroid metabolite that belongs to the class of neurosteroids. It is a derivative of progesterone and is involved in various physiological processes in the human body.
Structure and Nomenclature[edit | edit source]
5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one is a C21 steroid with the molecular formula C21H34O3. The compound is characterized by its three hydroxyl groups located at the 3α, 17α, and 20 positions on the steroid backbone. The "5α" designation indicates the configuration of the hydrogen atom at the 5th carbon, which is in the alpha position, meaning it is below the plane of the steroid nucleus.
Biosynthesis[edit | edit source]
5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one is synthesized from progesterone through a series of enzymatic reactions. The conversion involves the action of 5α-reductase, which reduces the double bond between the 4th and 5th carbon atoms of progesterone, followed by hydroxylation at the 3α and 17α positions.
Physiological Role[edit | edit source]
As a neurosteroid, 5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one plays a role in modulating GABA_A receptor activity. It is known to have anxiolytic, sedative, and anticonvulsant effects. These properties make it an important compound in the regulation of mood and stress responses.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
The levels of 5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one can be altered in various clinical conditions. For instance, changes in its concentration have been associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), depression, and anxiety disorders. Understanding its role in these conditions can help in developing therapeutic strategies.
Related Compounds[edit | edit source]
5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one is related to other neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone and pregnanolone. These compounds share similar biosynthetic pathways and physiological effects, particularly in their interaction with the GABA_A receptor.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
