8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine

8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (also known as 8-oxo-dG, 8-oxo-2'-dG or 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) is a nucleoside that is a derivative of deoxyguanosine. It is one of the major products of DNA oxidation, and is often used as a marker for DNA damage and oxidative stress.

Structure and Properties

8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine consists of a guanine base attached to a deoxyribose sugar. The guanine base is modified by the addition of an oxygen atom at the 8th position, resulting in the formation of 8-oxo-guanine. This modification significantly alters the properties of the nucleoside, including its ability to form hydrogen bonds and its base pairing behavior.

Biological Significance

8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine is a major product of DNA oxidation, and its presence in DNA can lead to mutations and genetic instability. This is because 8-oxo-guanine can mispair with adenine during DNA replication, leading to G to T transversion mutations. These mutations can contribute to the development of various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

The levels of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA can be increased by various factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and exposure to ionizing radiation or certain chemicals. Therefore, the measurement of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels is often used as a marker for DNA damage and oxidative stress.

Detection and Measurement

8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine can be detected and measured using various techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and mass spectrometry. These techniques allow for the quantification of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine in DNA, and can be used to assess the extent of DNA damage and oxidative stress in cells and tissues.

See Also

• 8-Oxoguanine
• Oxidative stress
• DNA damage (naturally occurring)
• DNA repair

References

Y-STR Name

Haplotype