Accessory auricle

Accessory Auricle

The accessory auricle is a congenital malformation that is characterized by the presence of additional ear-like structures, typically located near the external ear. These structures can vary in size and shape, and may be present on one or both sides of the head. The condition is relatively rare, occurring in approximately 1 in 12,000 live births.

Etiology

The exact cause of accessory auricles is not known. However, it is believed to be related to disruptions in the normal embryological development of the ear. During the fifth week of gestation, the auricle (external ear) begins to form from six small swellings known as the hillocks of His. It is thought that accessory auricles may arise from additional hillocks that form during this process.

Clinical Features

Accessory auricles are typically identified at birth during the routine newborn examination. They may appear as small skin tags or as more complex structures that resemble a miniature ear. In some cases, accessory auricles may be associated with other congenital anomalies, particularly those affecting the kidneys and urinary tract. Therefore, infants with accessory auricles should undergo a thorough medical evaluation to rule out associated conditions.

Treatment

The treatment of accessory auricles depends on their size, location, and whether they are associated with other anomalies. Small accessory auricles that do not cause any symptoms may not require treatment. However, larger or more complex accessory auricles may be surgically removed for cosmetic reasons or to improve hearing if they are obstructing the external auditory canal.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with accessory auricles is generally good. The condition itself does not cause any health problems, although it may be associated with other congenital anomalies. With appropriate treatment, most individuals with accessory auricles can lead normal, healthy lives.

See Also

• Congenital anomalies
• Auricle (anatomy)
• Hillocks of His