Nitrofurazone

Nitrofurazone is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent with a broad spectrum of activity. It is a synthetic nitrofuran derivative, used topically in the treatment of burns, wound infections and other skin conditions. Nitrofurazone is also used in veterinary medicine.

Chemistry

Nitrofurazone is a yellow, crystalline compound with the chemical formula C6H6N4O4. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol. The compound is a derivative of nitrofuran, a class of drugs known for their antimicrobial properties.

Mechanism of Action

Nitrofurazone works by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis. It is a prodrug that is reduced by bacterial nitroreductases to reactive intermediates, which damage bacterial DNA and proteins, leading to cell death.

Uses

Nitrofurazone is used topically for the treatment of burns, wounds, skin ulcers, and other skin conditions. It is also used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of bacterial and protozoal infections in animals.

Side Effects

Common side effects of nitrofurazone include skin irritation, redness, and swelling. In rare cases, it can cause allergic reactions. Long-term use of nitrofurazone can lead to dermatitis and other skin conditions.

Precautions

Nitrofurazone should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to nitrofurans. It should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function.

See Also

• Antibacterial
• Antiprotozoal
• Nitrofuran