Adenosine kinase

Adenosine kinase

Crystal structure of adenosine kinase

Adenosine kinase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of adenosine and the regulation of its concentration within cells. It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to adenosine, forming AMP. This reaction is important for maintaining the balance of adenosine levels, which is critical for various physiological processes.

Function

Adenosine kinase is responsible for the phosphorylation of adenosine, a key step in the purine metabolism pathway. By converting adenosine to AMP, adenosine kinase helps regulate the availability of adenosine for other cellular functions, such as acting as a neurotransmitter and modulating inflammation.

Structure

The enzyme adenosine kinase is a monomeric protein that has been crystallized and studied extensively. The crystal structure, as shown in the image, reveals a complex folding pattern that is typical of kinases. The active site of adenosine kinase is highly conserved and is responsible for binding both adenosine and ATP during the catalytic process.

Clinical significance

Adenosine kinase has been implicated in various medical conditions due to its role in regulating adenosine levels. Abnormal activity of this enzyme can lead to disorders such as epilepsy, ischemia, and chronic pain. Inhibitors of adenosine kinase are being explored as potential therapeutic agents for these conditions, as they can increase adenosine levels and exert protective effects.

Related pages

• Adenosine triphosphate
• Adenosine monophosphate
• Purine metabolism
• Neurotransmitter