African locust bean

African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa), also known as the néré or dawadawa tree, is a perennial deciduous tree of the family Fabaceae. It is found across tropical Africa, but is most widely cultivated in West Africa, particularly in Nigeria and Ghana.

Description

The African locust bean tree can grow up to 20 meters high and is characterized by its large, globular flowers. The tree's fruit pods are large, up to 30 cm long, and contain numerous seeds which are the primary product of the tree.

Cultivation and Uses

The African locust bean tree is highly valued for its economic and nutritional benefits. The tree is often cultivated for its edible seeds and as a source of timber. The seeds, known as locust beans, are a significant source of protein and are commonly used in African cuisine. They are typically fermented to produce a strong-smelling condiment known as dawadawa or iru, which is a staple ingredient in many traditional African dishes.

The tree's bark and leaves also have medicinal properties and are used in traditional African medicine to treat various ailments. The wood of the tree is durable and resistant to termites, making it a valuable timber resource.

Environmental Impact

The African locust bean tree plays a crucial role in the ecosystem. It helps in soil fertility improvement by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. The tree's dense foliage provides shade and habitat for a variety of wildlife species. Its flowers are a significant source of nectar for bees and other pollinators.

Cultural Significance

In many African cultures, the African locust bean tree holds significant cultural and symbolic value. It is often associated with fertility and prosperity and is commonly planted in sacred groves and near places of worship.

See Also

• List of African dishes
• Traditional African medicine
• Agriculture in Africa