Albacore

Histoire naturelle des poissons (10438834583)

Hooked albacore tuna

Thunnus alalunga Cyprus

Appendix to the Journals of the Senate and Assembly of the session of the Legislature of the State of California (1915) (14594862967)

Dan Panshin and Bob Jacobson talk to an albacore tuna fisherman, 1965 (5857916261)

Albacore (Thunnus alalunga) is a species of tuna in the family Scombridae. It is found in warm and temperate waters of the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean, where it inhabits open waters and does not come close to shore. Albacore is a highly migratory species, known for its long pectoral fins, which distinguish it from other tunas. This species is of significant commercial importance and is a popular choice for canned tuna, known for its light color and high-quality flesh.

Description

The albacore tuna can be identified by its elongated, fusiform body and its long pectoral fins, which reach beyond the anal fin in adults. It has a metallic blue back and silvery white sides and belly, with no spots on the dorsal fins or flanks. Adult albacore can reach a length of up to 140 cm (55 in) and weigh up to 60 kg (130 lb), although sizes around 90 cm (35 in) and 13–25 kg (29–55 lb) are more common.

Habitat and Distribution

Albacore tuna prefer temperate oceanic waters and are found in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. They are highly migratory and travel long distances across oceans, often in large schools. Their distribution is influenced by water temperature, with most populations moving towards higher latitudes during the warmer months to feed and returning to tropical or subtropical waters to spawn.

Diet

The diet of the albacore consists mainly of fish, cephalopods, and crustaceans. They are apex predators, feeding on a variety of prey including squid, herring, and sardines. Albacore use their speed and agility to hunt, often diving deep to catch prey.

Reproduction

Albacore tuna have a unique reproductive cycle, with spawning occurring in warm ocean waters. The exact timing of spawning varies by region, but generally takes place in the spring and summer months. Females can release millions of eggs, which are fertilized externally. The larvae are pelagic, drifting with ocean currents until they mature.

Fishing and Conservation

Albacore is a target of commercial and recreational fisheries worldwide. It is caught using methods such as longline, purse seine, and pole and line. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed the albacore as Near Threatened, with overfishing being a significant concern. Management measures, including quotas and seasonal closures, have been implemented in some regions to ensure sustainable fisheries.

Culinary Uses

Albacore tuna is highly valued for its light-colored flesh and mild flavor, making it a preferred species for canning. It is marketed as "white meat tuna" in many countries and is used in a variety of culinary dishes, from salads and sandwiches to gourmet preparations. The high content of omega-3 fatty acids in albacore makes it a healthy dietary choice.

See Also

• Tuna
• Sustainable seafood
• Fisheries management