Allergy shots

Allergy Shots

Allergy shots, also known as immunotherapy, is a long-term treatment option that decreases symptoms for many people suffering from allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, conjunctivitis (eye allergy), or stinging insect allergy.

Overview

Allergy shots involve injecting small doses of allergens into the body to stimulate the immune system's own ability to fight allergy symptoms. This process helps the body build up a tolerance to the allergens, reducing the severity of allergic reactions over time.

Procedure

The procedure for allergy shots involves two phases: the build-up phase and the maintenance phase. The build-up phase involves receiving injections with increasing amounts of the allergens. The frequency of these injections typically ranges from one to two times a week, though more frequent injections may be necessary for severe allergies. The maintenance phase begins once the effective dose is reached. During the maintenance phase, there will be longer periods between treatments, ranging from two to four weeks.

Effectiveness

Allergy shots are proven to be effective in reducing symptoms of many allergies. They can prevent the development of new allergies, and in children, they can prevent the progression of the allergic disease from allergic rhinitis to asthma. The effectiveness of allergy shots appears to be related to the length of the treatment program as well as the dose of the allergen.

Risks and Side Effects

While allergy shots are beneficial for many people, they are not without risks. The most common side effects are typical of any injection, including redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site. In rare cases, a serious allergic reaction called anaphylaxis can occur.

Alternatives

For those who cannot undergo allergy shots, alternatives such as sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) exist. SLIT involves placing a tablet containing the allergen under the tongue for 1 to 2 minutes and then swallowing it.

See Also

• Immunotherapy
• Allergic Rhinitis
• Allergic Asthma
• Conjunctivitis
• Stinging Insect Allergy
• Anaphylaxis
• Sublingual Immunotherapy