Orosomucoid

Orosomucoid (also known as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein) is an acute phase protein that is produced in the liver. It is a major component of the serum protein fraction and plays a significant role in the body's immune response.

Structure

Orosomucoid is a single-chain polypeptide consisting of 183 amino acid residues. It has a molecular weight of approximately 41,000 daltons. The protein is heavily glycosylated, with five oligosaccharide chains attached to its polypeptide backbone.

Function

The primary function of orosomucoid is to modulate the body's immune response. It does this by binding to various immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, and altering their activity. Orosomucoid also has anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit the activity of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Clinical significance

Levels of orosomucoid in the blood can increase in response to inflammation, infection, or tissue damage. This makes it a useful biomarker for these conditions. Elevated levels of orosomucoid have also been associated with various diseases, including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and HIV infection.

See also

• Acute phase protein
• Glycoprotein
• Inflammation