White blood cell

White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. All white blood cells are produced and derived from multipotent cells in the bone marrow known as hematopoietic stem cells. Leukocytes are found throughout the body, including the blood and lymphatic system.

Types of White Blood Cells

There are five main types of white blood cells, which are divided into two main categories, each of which has different functions:

• Granulocytes: These cells are named for the granules they contain, which are visible under a microscope. These granules contain enzymes that can help to kill bacteria and other pathogens. There are three types of granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.

• Agranulocytes: These cells do not contain granules and include lymphocytes and monocytes. Lymphocytes are further divided into B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells.

Function of White Blood Cells

White blood cells are an essential part of the body's immune response. They help to defend the body against harmful bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. They do this by recognizing and destroying these harmful substances, and by producing antibodies that can neutralize them.

Disorders Related to White Blood Cells

There are several disorders that can affect white blood cells, including:

• Leukemia: This is a type of cancer that affects the white blood cells and the bone marrow where they are produced.

• Lymphoma: This is a type of cancer that affects the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell.

• Neutropenia: This is a condition characterized by a low number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell.

• Leukocytosis: This is a condition characterized by a high number of white blood cells.

See Also

• Red blood cell
• Platelet
• Hematopoiesis
• Immune system

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