Alpha catenin

Alpha Catenin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNA1 gene. It is a member of the catenin protein family and plays an essential role in cell adhesion processes.

Function

Alpha Catenin functions as a link between cadherin proteins, which are transmembrane proteins involved in cell adhesion, and the actin cytoskeleton. This linkage is crucial for maintaining the integrity of epithelial tissues and for the proper functioning of cell junctions.

Structure

The structure of Alpha Catenin is divided into three main domains: the N-terminal domain, which binds to beta-catenin; the M-domain, which binds to actin; and the C-terminal domain, which is involved in dimerization and interactions with other proteins.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the CTNNA1 gene have been associated with a variety of diseases, including gastric cancer, alopecia, and Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC).

Research

Research on Alpha Catenin has focused on its role in cell adhesion and its potential as a therapeutic target in various diseases. Studies have also explored its function in cell migration and tissue morphogenesis.

See Also

• Beta-catenin
• Cadherin
• Cell adhesion
• Cell junctions