Amblycera

Ricinus bombycillae (Denny, 1842)

Amblycera is a suborder of chewing lice (order Phthiraptera), which are ectoparasites primarily found on birds and some mammals. They are characterized by their chewing mouthparts, which they use to feed on the skin, feathers, and blood of their hosts. Amblycera is one of the four suborders of chewing lice, the others being Ischnocera, Rhynchophthirina, and Anoplura.

Morphology

Amblycera lice are generally small, flattened insects with a broad head and robust mandibles. They have short antennae that are often concealed within grooves on the sides of the head. Their bodies are adapted for clinging to the feathers or fur of their hosts, with strong claws on their legs.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Amblycera includes three nymphal stages before reaching adulthood. The entire cycle from egg to adult can take several weeks, depending on environmental conditions and the availability of a host. Females lay eggs (nits) on the feathers or hair of the host, which hatch into nymphs that undergo several molts before becoming adults.

Hosts and Feeding

Amblycera lice are primarily found on birds, but some species also infest mammals. They feed on a variety of substances, including skin debris, feathers, and blood. Their feeding habits can cause irritation, feather damage, and in severe cases, lead to secondary infections or anemia in the host.

Taxonomy

The suborder Amblycera includes several families, such as:

• Menoponidae
• Boopidae
• Gyropidae
• Laemobothriidae
• Riciniidae

Significance

Amblycera lice are of veterinary and medical importance due to their role as parasites. Infestations can lead to discomfort and health issues in domestic and wild birds, as well as in some mammals. Effective control and treatment of lice infestations are important in poultry farming and pet care.

Related Pages

• Chewing lice
• Ischnocera
• Rhynchophthirina
• Anoplura
• Phthiraptera
• Ectoparasite