Aminoguanidine
Aminoguanidine also known as Pimagedine is a diamondoid and an inhibitor of the enzyme Nitric Oxide Synthase. It is a drug that is used for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, a complication of diabetes that affects the kidneys.
Chemistry[edit | edit source]
Aminoguanidine is a hydrazine derivative and has the chemical formula C2H8N4. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. It has a pKa of 5.3 and a melting point of 102-104 degrees Celsius.
Pharmacology[edit | edit source]
Aminoguanidine inhibits the formation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) by reacting with 3-deoxyglucosone. AGEs are proteins or lipids that become glycated after exposure to sugars. They are implicated in various diseases such as diabetes, aging, and chronic renal failure.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Aminoguanidine is used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. It has been shown to reduce the progression of renal disease in patients with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria. However, its use is limited due to its side effects which include gastrointestinal disturbances, anemia, and liver toxicity.
Research[edit | edit source]
Research is ongoing to develop new drugs based on the aminoguanidine molecule that have fewer side effects and are more effective in treating diabetic nephropathy.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
