Amsler sign

Amsler sign
Specialty	Ophthalmology
Symptoms	Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
Causes	Trauma, surgery, or other ocular conditions
Diagnostic method	Clinical examination
Treatment	Depends on underlying cause

The Amsler sign is a clinical indicator used in ophthalmology to detect the presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye, a condition known as hyphema. This sign is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist Marc Amsler, who contributed significantly to the field of ophthalmology.

Clinical Presentation

The Amsler sign is observed during a slit-lamp examination, where the presence of blood in the anterior chamber is noted. This can occur due to various reasons, including trauma, surgical complications, or other ocular conditions that lead to bleeding within the eye.

Causes

The presence of the Amsler sign can be attributed to several causes:

• Trauma: Blunt or penetrating trauma to the eye can cause bleeding in the anterior chamber.
• Surgical Complications: Certain eye surgeries, such as cataract extraction or corneal transplantation, may result in hyphema.
• Ocular Conditions: Conditions like uveitis, neovascularization, or glaucoma can also lead to bleeding in the anterior chamber.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of the Amsler sign is primarily clinical, based on the observation of blood in the anterior chamber during an eye examination. Additional tests, such as tonometry to measure intraocular pressure, may be conducted to assess the impact of the hyphema on the eye.

Management

The management of a positive Amsler sign depends on the underlying cause of the hyphema. Treatment options may include:

• Observation: In cases of minor hyphema, careful monitoring may be sufficient.
• Medication: Anti-inflammatory or pressure-lowering medications may be prescribed.
• Surgical Intervention: In severe cases, surgical evacuation of the blood may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with a positive Amsler sign varies depending on the cause and severity of the hyphema. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to prevent complications such as increased intraocular pressure or corneal staining.

Also see

• Hyphema
• Slit-lamp examination
• Ophthalmology
• Marc Amsler

External

• Age-Related Macular Degeneration

• Amblyopia (Lazy Eye)

• Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia

• Astigmatism

B

• Behçet's Disease* Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy

• Blepharitis* Blepharospasm

C

• Cataracts

• Coloboma

• Color Blindness

• Corneal Conditions

D

• Diabetic Retinopathy

• Dry Eye

F

• Floaters

G

• Glaucoma

I

• Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

L

• Low Vision

M

• Macular Edema

• Macular Hole

• Macular Pucker

P

• Pink Eye

R

• Rare Diseases

• Refractive Errors

• Retinal Detachment

• Retinitis Pigmentosa

• Retinoblastoma

• Retinopathy of Prematurity

S

• Stargardt Disease

U

• Usher Syndrome

• Uveitis

V

• Vitreous Detachment