Anal stenosis

Anal stenosis is a medical condition characterized by a narrowing of the anus and/or rectum. This condition can cause significant discomfort and health issues for the affected individual. It is often a result of other medical conditions or procedures, such as hemorrhoid surgery or inflammatory bowel disease.

Causes

Anal stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors. One common cause is damage to the anal or rectal tissue due to surgery, such as hemorrhoidectomy. Other causes can include inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, anal fissure, or rectal prolapse. In some cases, the cause of anal stenosis may be unknown.

Symptoms

The symptoms of anal stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include difficulty or pain during bowel movements, constipation, and a feeling of incomplete evacuation. In severe cases, individuals may experience fecal incontinence or the inability to control bowel movements.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of anal stenosis typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider. This may include a digital rectal exam, where the provider uses a gloved finger to feel for abnormalities. Other diagnostic tests may include an anoscopy, where a small tube is inserted into the anus to visualize the rectum, or a colonoscopy, which allows for a more comprehensive examination of the colon and rectum.

Treatment

Treatment for anal stenosis depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Mild cases may be managed with dietary changes, such as increasing fiber intake to soften stools. More severe cases may require surgical intervention to widen the anal canal. This can be done through procedures such as an anal dilation or an anoplasty.

See also

• Anorectal manometry
• Rectal tenesmus