Anaplastic oligodendroglioma

Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Headache, seizures, neurological deficits
Complications	N/A
Onset	Adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutations
Risks	Family history, radiation exposure
Diagnosis	MRI, biopsy
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Variable
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Anaplastic oligodendroglioma is a rare and aggressive type of brain tumor that originates from oligodendrocytes, which are cells in the central nervous system responsible for producing myelin. This tumor is classified as a World Health Organization (WHO) grade III glioma, indicating a high degree of malignancy.

Symptoms

Patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma may experience a variety of symptoms depending on the tumor's location and size. Common symptoms include:

• Headache
• Seizures
• Neurological deficits such as weakness, numbness, or speech difficulties

Causes

The exact cause of anaplastic oligodendroglioma is not well understood, but it is believed to involve genetic mutations. Common genetic alterations associated with this tumor include co-deletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q and mutations in the IDH1 or IDH2 genes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of anaplastic oligodendroglioma typically involves imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the tumor's location and characteristics. A biopsy is often performed to obtain a tissue sample for histological examination and genetic testing.

Treatment

Treatment options for anaplastic oligodendroglioma may include:

• Surgical resection to remove as much of the tumor as possible
• Radiation therapy to target remaining cancerous cells
• Chemotherapy with agents such as temozolomide or procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) regimen

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma varies based on factors such as the extent of surgical resection, genetic profile of the tumor, and response to treatment. Tumors with 1p/19q co-deletion generally have a better prognosis.

See also

• Oligodendroglioma
• Glioblastoma
• Brain tumor

External links

• [American Brain Tumor Association](https://www.abta.org/)
• [National Cancer Institute](https://www.cancer.gov/)