Androgen replacement therapy

Androgen replacement therapy (ART), also known as testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), is a form of hormone therapy in which androgens, often testosterone, are replaced. ART is often prescribed to counter the effects of male hypogonadism. It typically involves the administration of testosterone through injections, skin creams, patches, gels, or subcutaneous pellets.

Indications

ART is often prescribed to men who have low levels of testosterone, a condition known as hypogonadism. This can be due to problems in the testes, hypothalamus, or pituitary gland. Symptoms of hypogonadism can include fatigue, loss of muscle mass, an increase in body fat, depression, erectile dysfunction, and low libido.

Methods of administration

There are several methods of testosterone delivery:

• Injections: Testosterone can be delivered by intramuscular injection.
• Skin creams or gels: These are applied to the skin daily.
• Patches: These are worn on the body and deliver testosterone through the skin.
• Subcutaneous pellets: These are small pellets that are inserted under the skin.

Risks and side effects

Like all medical treatments, ART has potential risks and side effects. These can include:

• Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
• Increased risk of prostate cancer
• Skin reactions at the site of application (for creams, gels, and patches)
• Mood swings and aggression
• Sleep apnea

See also

• Hormone therapy
• Hypogonadism
• Testosterone