Anguilla

File:God Save the King.ogg File:God Bless Anguilla.ogg

Wallblake House, The Valley

Flag of Anguilla (1967–1969)

Anguilla-aerial view western portion

Anguilla is a British overseas territory located in the Caribbean. It is part of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles. Anguilla is known for its stunning beaches, clear blue waters, and vibrant coral reefs, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking a tropical getaway.

Geography

Anguilla is a flat, low-lying island of coral and limestone, situated to the east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The island stretches approximately 16 miles (26 km) in length and up to 3 miles (5 km) in width, covering an area of about 35 square miles (91 km²). Its coastline is marked by several bays, coves, and offshore islands and cays, with Sandy Island and Scrub Island being among the most notable.

History

The island was first settled by Indigenous peoples from South America, with archaeological evidence dating back to around 1300 BC. European discovery occurred in the early 16th century, with the island coming under British control in the 17th century. Anguilla's history is marked by several attempts at secession and a brief period in 1967 when it declared independence as the Republic of Anguilla, only to officially become a separate British Overseas Territory in 1980.

Economy

Anguilla's economy is primarily driven by tourism, offshore banking, fishing, and boat building. The island's luxury tourism sector has seen significant growth, with a focus on high-end resorts, villas, and services catering to wealthy travelers. Despite its economic reliance on tourism, Anguilla has also developed a reputation as a tax haven, with a well-established offshore financial sector.

Culture

Anguillan culture is a blend of British influence and African heritage, with music, dance, and cuisine reflecting this mix. The island is known for its vibrant cultural festivals, such as the Summer Festival, which features boat racing, one of Anguilla's national sports, along with parades, music, and dance. Anguillan cuisine is dominated by seafood, with lobster, conch, and snapper being staple ingredients.

Government

As a British Overseas Territory, Anguilla has a Governor appointed by the British monarch who is responsible for external affairs, defense, and internal security. The island is governed locally by a Chief Minister and a unicameral House of Assembly, which is elected by the people. The legal system is based on English common law.

Environment

Anguilla is home to a variety of ecosystems, from its sandy beaches to salt ponds and mangroves, which support diverse wildlife, including seabirds, turtles, and other marine life. The island is committed to environmental conservation, with several protected areas established to preserve its natural heritage.

Education

Education in Anguilla is compulsory and free for children between the ages of 5 and 17. The education system is modeled after the British system, with primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. The island hosts a campus of the University of the West Indies.

Healthcare

Healthcare in Anguilla is provided through a mix of public and private facilities. The Princess Alexandra Hospital is the main healthcare provider, offering a range of services. The government has made efforts to improve healthcare infrastructure and access to medical services for its residents.