Anterior knee pain

Anterior knee pain is a condition characterized by pain felt in the front and center of the knee. It is a common complaint among athletes, particularly those involved in sports that require a lot of jumping, running, or quick changes in direction. However, anterior knee pain can affect individuals of any activity level and age.

Causes

The causes of anterior knee pain are varied and can include Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS), Chondromalacia Patellae, Patellar Tendinitis, and Osgood-Schlatter Disease. PFPS, often referred to as "runner's knee," involves pain around the kneecap (patella) without signs of damage to the knee structures. Chondromalacia patellae is characterized by the softening and breakdown of the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap, leading to pain and inflammation. Patellar tendinitis, or "jumper's knee," is the inflammation of the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone. Osgood-Schlatter Disease is more common in adolescents and involves pain and swelling just below the knee, where the patellar tendon attaches to the shinbone.

Symptoms

Symptoms of anterior knee pain include a dull, aching pain in the front part of the knee, which may be exacerbated by activities such as climbing stairs, running, squatting, and sitting with the knee bent for extended periods. There may also be swelling, and the knee may "catch" or feel unstable.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of anterior knee pain typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRIs, may be used to rule out other conditions that could be causing the pain.

Treatment

Treatment for anterior knee pain often begins with conservative measures such as rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Physical therapy exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve flexibility can also be beneficial. In some cases, orthotic devices or braces may be recommended to help align and support the knee. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help manage pain and inflammation. If conservative treatments are not effective, more invasive procedures such as injections or surgery may be considered.

Prevention

Preventive measures for anterior knee pain include maintaining a healthy weight, wearing appropriate footwear, and incorporating strength training and flexibility exercises into regular fitness routines. It is also important to increase the intensity of physical activity gradually to avoid overloading the knee.