Anterior median fissure of spinal cord

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Anterior median fissure of the spinal cord is a prominent feature of the spinal cord that plays a crucial role in its anatomy and physiology. This longitudinal groove runs along the anterior (front) aspect of the spinal cord and is one of the two median fissures, the other being the posterior median sulcus. The anterior median fissure is deeper and more pronounced than its posterior counterpart.

Anatomy

The anterior median fissure extends along the entire length of the spinal cord, from the medulla oblongata of the brainstem to the conus medullaris, where the spinal cord terminates. It divides the spinal cord into symmetrical halves and houses the anterior spinal artery, which supplies blood to the anterior portion of the spinal cord. This fissure is not only a defining anatomical feature but also serves as a guide for medical professionals during procedures involving the spinal cord.

Function

The primary function of the anterior median fissure, aside from providing a pathway for the anterior spinal artery, is related to the organization of the spinal cord's internal structure. It contributes to the division of the spinal cord into different functional areas. These areas are responsible for transmitting various types of sensory and motor information between the body and the brain. The anterior part of the spinal cord, adjacent to the fissure, contains motor neurons that control voluntary movements.

Clinical Significance

The anterior median fissure is of significant clinical importance due to its relationship with the anterior spinal artery. Conditions such as anterior spinal artery syndrome can arise from occlusion of this artery, leading to a loss of motor function and a reduction in pain and temperature sensation below the level of the occlusion. Understanding the anatomy of the anterior median fissure is crucial for diagnosing and managing spinal cord injuries and diseases.

See Also

• Spinal cord
• Posterior median sulcus
• Anterior spinal artery
• Medulla oblongata
• Conus medullaris