Anti-transglutaminase antibodies

Anti-transglutaminase antibodies are a type of antibody that the immune system produces in response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. These antibodies are often present in people with celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes damage to the small intestine when gluten is consumed.

Overview

Celiac disease is a serious autoimmune disorder that can occur in genetically predisposed people where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine. It is estimated to affect 1 in 100 people worldwide. Two and one-half million Americans are undiagnosed and are at risk for long-term health complications.

Anti-transglutaminase antibodies

Anti-transglutaminase antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to the presence of gluten in the diet. They are directed against the enzyme tissue transglutaminase, which is involved in the repair of injured or inflamed tissue. When a person with celiac disease consumes gluten, the immune system responds by producing these antibodies, which can lead to inflammation and damage in the small intestine.

Diagnosis

The presence of anti-transglutaminase antibodies in the blood can be used as a marker for celiac disease. A blood test can be done to measure the level of these antibodies. If the test is positive, it suggests that the person may have celiac disease. However, a definitive diagnosis usually requires a biopsy of the small intestine to confirm the presence of damage.

Treatment

The main treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet. This can help to reduce symptoms and promote healing of the intestine. In some cases, additional treatments may be needed to manage complications of the disease.

See also

• Gluten
• Celiac disease
• Autoimmune disease
• Antibody
• Tissue transglutaminase

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