Aortic nerve

Aortic Nerve

The aortic nerve, as depicted in Gray's Anatomy.

The aortic nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve that innervates the aorta, the main and largest artery in the human body. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and heart rate.

Anatomy

The aortic nerve arises from the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve. It descends in the neck within the carotid sheath, posterior to the carotid artery and anterior to the internal jugular vein. It then enters the thorax, where it gives off branches to the aorta.

Function

The aortic nerve carries parasympathetic fibers that control the diameter of the aorta. By constricting or dilating the aorta, these fibers regulate blood pressure and heart rate. The aortic nerve also carries sensory fibers that relay information about blood pressure and oxygen levels in the blood to the brain.

Clinical significance

Damage to the aortic nerve can result in a condition known as aortic dissection, which is a serious medical emergency. Symptoms can include severe chest or back pain, shortness of breath, and loss of consciousness.

See also

• Vagus nerve
• Aorta
• Blood pressure
• Heart rate