Appalachian mountains

Appalachian Mountains

The Appalachian Mountains, often referred to simply as the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. The range spans from the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador to the U.S. state of Alabama, making it one of the oldest mountain systems in the world.

Geography

The Appalachian Mountains stretch over 2,000 miles from north to south, with numerous high peaks and deep valleys. The highest point in the Appalachians is Mount Mitchell in North Carolina, which stands at 6,684 feet above sea level. The range is divided into several subranges, including the White Mountains, the Green Mountains, the Blue Ridge Mountains, and the Great Smoky Mountains.

Geology

The Appalachians are composed primarily of sedimentary rock, with lesser amounts of igneous and metamorphic rock. They were formed during the Appalachian orogeny, a series of geological events that took place over hundreds of millions of years. The mountains are notable for their rich deposits of coal, natural gas, and other minerals.

Ecology

The Appalachian Mountains are home to a diverse array of plant and animal species. The region's forests are dominated by a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees, including oak, hickory, pine, and hemlock. The Appalachians are also a major habitat for numerous bird species, mammals like the black bear and white-tailed deer, and a variety of amphibians and reptiles.

Human History

The Appalachians have been inhabited by humans for thousands of years. The region was home to numerous Native American cultures before the arrival of European settlers. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Appalachians played a key role in the westward expansion of the United States. Today, the mountains are a popular destination for outdoor recreation and tourism.

See Also

• Geography of the United States
• Geology of the Appalachians
• Appalachian culture
• Appalachian Trail

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