Appenzell Innerrhoden

Appenzell Innerrhoden is the smallest canton in Switzerland in terms of population and the second smallest in terms of area. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, surrounded by the canton of St. Gallen.

History

The history of Appenzell Innerrhoden is closely tied to that of the Appenzell region. The region was first mentioned in historical records in the 1071, and it became a separate canton in 1597, following a division from Appenzell Ausserrhoden. The division was mainly due to religious differences, with Innerrhoden remaining Catholic and Ausserrhoden becoming Reformed.

Geography

Appenzell Innerrhoden covers an area of 173 square kilometers. It is predominantly mountainous, being located in the Alps. The highest point in the canton is the Säntis, which stands at 2,502 meters above sea level. The canton is also home to several rivers, including the Sitter and the Urnäsch.

Economy

The economy of Appenzell Innerrhoden is largely based on agriculture, with dairy farming and cattle breeding being the main activities. The canton is known for its cheese, particularly Appenzeller cheese, which is a hard cow's milk cheese with a distinctive flavor. In addition to agriculture, tourism also plays a significant role in the canton's economy, with visitors attracted to its picturesque landscapes and traditional Swiss culture.

Culture

Appenzell Innerrhoden is known for its rich cultural heritage. The canton has a strong tradition of music, particularly yodeling and the playing of the Swiss accordion. It is also known for its traditional Swiss folk dances and its colorful processions, such as the Alpfahrt, which marks the start of the summer grazing season.

Politics

Appenzell Innerrhoden is a half-canton, which means it has only one representative in the Council of States. The canton is governed by a Landsgemeinde, an open-air assembly that is one of the oldest forms of direct democracy in the world.