Aquaresis

Aquaresis is a medical term that refers to the excretion of water from the body without significant loss of electrolytes. This process is important in maintaining the body's fluid balance and is often used in the treatment of conditions such as edema and heart failure.

Mechanism

Aquaresis is achieved through the inhibition of water reabsorption in the kidneys. This can be accomplished by targeting specific channels and transporters involved in water reabsorption, such as aquaporins. By blocking these channels, water is excreted in the urine, leading to a reduction in fluid volume in the body.

Clinical Applications

Aquaresis is commonly used in the treatment of conditions characterized by fluid overload, such as congestive heart failure and cirrhosis. By promoting the excretion of water, aquaresis helps to reduce edema and relieve symptoms of volume overload.

Pharmacological Agents

Several medications are available that promote aquaresis. These include vasopressin receptor antagonists, such as tolvaptan, which inhibit the action of vasopressin, a hormone that regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys. Other diuretic medications, such as loop diuretics and thiazides, can also induce aquaresis by increasing urine output.

Side Effects

While aquaresis can be beneficial in certain clinical situations, it is important to monitor patients closely for potential side effects. Excessive water loss can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which may necessitate adjustments in medication dosages or additional interventions.

See also

• Diuretic
• Edema
• Heart failure