Aragon

File:Himno de Aragón.ogg

Aragon in Spain (including Canarias)

Ermita de la Virgen de la Peña, LIC Sierras de Santo Domingo y Caballera, Aniés, Huesca, España, 2015-01-06, DD 08-09 PAN

Pic d´Aneto

El Turbó.

Aragon is an autonomous community in Spain, located in the northeastern part of the country. It is bordered by France to the north, Catalonia to the east, Valencian Community and Castile-La Mancha to the south, and Castile and León, La Rioja, and Navarre to the west. The capital of Aragon is Zaragoza, which is also the largest city in the region. Aragon covers an area of approximately 47,719 square kilometers, making it the fourth largest of Spain's autonomous communities. The region is divided into three provinces: Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel.

History

Aragon has a rich history that dates back to the early Middle Ages. It emerged as a distinct entity in the 11th century, originally as a county and then as a kingdom, playing a significant role in the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule. The Crown of Aragon became a major Mediterranean power in the late Middle Ages, expanding through conquest and marriage into the Kingdoms of Valencia, Mallorca, Sicily, Naples, and Sardinia. The union of the Crowns of Aragon and Castile in 1479 through the marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile laid the foundations for modern Spain.

Geography

Aragon's geography is characterized by its diversity, ranging from the Pyrenean mountains in the north to the central Ebro River Valley, and further to the system of Iberian mountain ranges in the south. This varied topography results in a wide range of climates, from the alpine climate in the Pyrenees to a continental climate in the interior and a Mediterranean climate in the Ebro valley. The region is also home to several national parks and protected areas, including the Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Economy

The economy of Aragon is diverse, with a strong focus on industry, agriculture, and services. The region is known for its production of automobiles, machinery, and food products. Agriculture remains significant, with crops including cereals, fruits, and olives, alongside a notable wine industry. The service sector, particularly tourism, has grown in importance, with visitors drawn to Aragon's rich cultural heritage, natural beauty, and outdoor activities.

Culture

Aragon has a distinct culture, with its own traditions, language, and cuisine. The Aragonese language, while not widely spoken, is recognized and protected as a minority language. Festivals such as the Holy Week processions in Zaragoza and the Fiestas del Pilar are important cultural events. Aragonese cuisine features a variety of dishes that reflect the region's agricultural diversity, including meats, vegetables, and the renowned Jamon de Teruel.

Government

Aragon enjoys a high degree of autonomy within Spain, with its own regional government responsible for various policy areas, including education, health, and transportation. The Cortes of Aragon is the legislative body, while the President of Aragon heads the executive branch.

Demographics

As of the latest data, Aragon has a population of approximately 1.3 million people. The region has experienced demographic challenges, including aging and depopulation in rural areas, while urban centers like Zaragoza have seen growth.

Education

Aragon has a well-developed education system, with a range of institutions offering primary, secondary, and higher education. The University of Zaragoza is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in Spain, offering a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs.