Aralast
Aralast is a medication used in the treatment of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD), a genetic disorder that can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and liver disease. Aralast is a form of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) augmentation therapy, which helps to increase the levels of AAT in the blood and lungs, thereby reducing the risk of lung damage.
Composition and Formulation[edit | edit source]
Aralast is derived from human plasma and is purified to contain high levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin. It is administered intravenously, typically on a weekly basis, to maintain adequate levels of AAT in the bloodstream.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein that protects the lungs from the harmful effects of neutrophil elastase, an enzyme that can degrade lung tissue. In individuals with AATD, the deficiency of AAT allows neutrophil elastase to cause progressive lung damage. Aralast works by supplementing the deficient AAT, thereby inhibiting the activity of neutrophil elastase and protecting lung tissue.
Indications[edit | edit source]
Aralast is indicated for patients with AATD who have evidence of emphysema. It is not a cure for AATD but is used to slow the progression of lung disease associated with the condition.
Administration[edit | edit source]
Aralast is administered by intravenous infusion. The dosage and frequency of administration are determined by the patient's weight and the severity of their condition. Regular monitoring of AAT levels in the blood is necessary to ensure therapeutic levels are maintained.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of Aralast include headache, dizziness, and infusion site reactions. Serious side effects can include allergic reactions, which may manifest as rash, itching, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Aralast is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to alpha-1 antitrypsin or any component of the formulation. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to human plasma-derived products.
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Liver disease
- Neutrophil elastase
- Intravenous therapy
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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