Archimedes' screw

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Archimedes' screw is a machine historically used for transferring water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation ditches. It is attributed to Archimedes of Syracuse, an ancient Greek scientist, mathematician, and engineer. The device consists of a screw inside a hollow pipe. The screw is turned, either by manual labor or by windmill, and as it turns, water is lifted up the pipe.

History

The invention of the Archimedes' screw is traditionally credited to Archimedes in the 3rd century BCE, although some evidence suggests that it may have been used in Ancient Egypt before his time. The device was used extensively in the ancient world for irrigation and for removing water from mines and other low-lying areas.

Design and Operation

The Archimedes' screw consists of a helical surface surrounding a central cylindrical shaft, encased within a hollow pipe. When the shaft is rotated, the bottom end of the device scoops up a volume of water. This water is then pushed up the tube as the screw turns, eventually discharging at the top.

Applications

The primary use of the Archimedes' screw has been for irrigation and drainage. It has also been used in various industrial applications, such as moving granular materials like grain or coal. In modern times, Archimedes' screws are used in some types of hydropower plants to generate electricity.

Modern Uses

Today, Archimedes' screws are still used in some parts of the world for irrigation and drainage. They are also employed in wastewater treatment plants and in some types of hydropower installations. The principle of the Archimedes' screw is also applied in modern screw conveyors used in various industries.

Related Pages

• Archimedes
• Ancient Greek technology
• Hydropower
• Irrigation
• Screw conveyor