Arctostaphylos viscida

Arctostaphylos viscida 9780

Arctostaphylos viscida, commonly known as the sticky whiteleaf manzanita or whiteleaf manzanita, is a species of manzanita native to the western United States, particularly in California and Oregon. This shrub or small tree is part of the Ericaceae family, which is notable for its diverse species of flowering plants including heaths, heathers, and blueberries.

Description

Arctostaphylos viscida is characterized by its smooth, orange or red-brown bark and its thick, leathery leaves that are coated in a sticky resin, giving the plant its common name. The leaves are typically 1-3 inches long, oval-shaped, and have a shiny, green appearance. During the spring, the plant produces dense clusters of white to pink flowers, which are bell-shaped and about a quarter-inch in diameter. These flowers are followed by the development of red to brown drupes, a type of fruit, which are a food source for local wildlife.

Habitat and Distribution

The sticky whiteleaf manzanita thrives in chaparral, woodland, and forest ecosystems, particularly within the California Floristic Province. It is well-adapted to dry, rocky slopes and is often found at elevations ranging from sea level to 2,500 meters. Its ability to survive in nutrient-poor soils and its resistance to drought make it a resilient species within its native range.

Ecological Role

As a member of the Ericaceae family, Arctostaphylos viscida plays a significant role in its ecosystem. The flowers provide nectar for a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies, while the fruits are consumed by birds and mammals, aiding in seed dispersal. Additionally, the plant contributes to the stability of soil in its habitat, preventing erosion on steep slopes.

Conservation

While Arctostaphylos viscida is not currently listed as endangered, its habitat is threatened by urban development, agriculture, and fire suppression practices that alter the natural fire regimes essential for its regeneration and growth. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation and the maintenance of natural fire cycles to ensure the survival of this species and its ecosystem.

Cultivation

Sticky whiteleaf manzanita is valued in native plant gardens and landscapes for its ornamental qualities, including its attractive bark, foliage, and flowers. It requires well-drained soil, full sun to partial shade, and minimal water once established, making it a low-maintenance choice for drought-tolerant gardens. However, it can be susceptible to fungal diseases if conditions are too moist or if there is poor air circulation.