Area source

Area source refers to a type of emission source in environmental science and air quality management. Unlike point sources, which are distinct, identifiable sources of emissions, area sources are diffuse and not easily pinpointed. They can include a wide range of activities and locations, such as residential heating, small businesses, and agricultural activities.

Definition

An area source is defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as any small or diffuse source of emissions that releases pollutants into the atmosphere within a defined geographic area and timeframe. These sources are typically widespread and produce relatively small amounts of emissions individually, but can collectively contribute significantly to air pollution levels.

Types of Area Sources

Area sources can be categorized into several types, including:

• Residential sources: These include emissions from activities such as home heating and cooling, cooking, and other domestic activities.
• Commercial sources: These include emissions from businesses and institutions, such as offices, schools, and hospitals.
• Agricultural sources: These include emissions from farming activities, such as crop cultivation and animal rearing.
• Natural sources: These include emissions from natural processes, such as wildfires, volcanic eruptions, and biological decay.

Impact on Air Quality

Area sources can have a significant impact on air quality, particularly in urban areas where many such sources are concentrated. They can contribute to the formation of smog, particulate matter, and other forms of air pollution. The EPA regulates area sources under the Clean Air Act to help protect public health and the environment.

Management and Regulation

Managing and regulating area sources can be challenging due to their diffuse nature. Strategies can include implementing best management practices, promoting cleaner technologies, and enforcing emission standards. The EPA has developed a number of tools and resources to assist state and local agencies in managing area source emissions.

See Also

• Point source (pollution)
• Non-point source pollution
• Air pollution dispersion terminology
• Emission standard