Area studies

Area studies are interdisciplinary fields of research and scholarship pertaining to particular geographical, national/federal, or cultural regions. The term exists primarily as a general description for what are, in the practice of scholarship, many heterogeneous fields of research, each with its own unique characteristics and requirements. Area studies are often contrasted with social sciences.

Definition and Purpose

Area studies aim to understand the unique characteristics of a particular region of the world. This can include the region's culture, history, politics, economics, geography, and more. The purpose of area studies is to gain an in-depth understanding of a specific region, beyond what might be understood through a broader lens of study.

History

The concept of area studies began in the United States in the aftermath of World War II. The U.S. government saw a need for a deeper understanding of different regions of the world, particularly those it considered strategically important during the Cold War. This led to the establishment of various area studies programs at universities across the country.

Methodology

Area studies utilize a variety of research methods, often drawing from the methodologies of several different disciplines. This can include archival research, interviews, participant observation, and more. The interdisciplinary nature of area studies allows for a comprehensive understanding of a region.

Criticism

Despite its many contributions, area studies has faced criticism. Some argue that the focus on a specific region can lead to a narrow perspective, while others believe that the interdisciplinary approach lacks the depth of discipline-specific studies.

See Also

• Cultural studies
• Ethnic studies
• International studies
• Regional studies