Argininosuccinate lyase

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Mountain range in Italy



The Apennine Mountains (


) are a mountain range consisting of parallel smaller chains extending 1,200 km (750 mi) along the length of peninsular Italy. They form the backbone of the country, stretching from the north to the south, and are a significant geographical feature of Italy.

Geography[edit | edit source]

The Apennines are divided into three main sections: the Northern, Central, and Southern Apennines. Each section has its own distinct geological and climatic characteristics.

Northern Apennines[edit | edit source]

The Northern Apennines begin at the Ligurian Sea and extend to the Tuscany region. This section includes the Apuan Alps, known for their marble quarries, and the Emilian Apennines. The highest peak in this section is Monte Cimone, which reaches an elevation of 2,165 meters (7,103 feet).

Central Apennines[edit | edit source]

The Central Apennines are characterized by higher peaks and more rugged terrain. This section includes the Gran Sasso d'Italia, which contains the highest peak of the entire range, Corno Grande, at 2,912 meters (9,554 feet). The Central Apennines also feature the Majella massif and the Monti Sibillini.

Southern Apennines[edit | edit source]

The Southern Apennines extend into the Calabria region and include the Pollino massif and the Aspromonte mountains. This section is known for its diverse flora and fauna, including the Marsican brown bear and the Italian wolf.

Geology[edit | edit source]

The Apennines are primarily composed of sedimentary rocks, including limestone, sandstone, and marl. The range was formed during the Alpine orogeny, a geological event that also created the Alps. The Apennines are part of the Adriatic Plate, which is slowly moving towards the Eurasian Plate.

Climate[edit | edit source]

The climate of the Apennines varies significantly from north to south and with elevation. The northern sections experience a more continental climate with cold winters and warm summers, while the southern sections have a Mediterranean climate with milder winters and hot, dry summers.

Flora and Fauna[edit | edit source]

The Apennines are home to a rich diversity of plant and animal life. The lower slopes are covered with deciduous forests, while higher elevations support coniferous forests and alpine meadows. Notable wildlife includes the Apennine wolf, the Marsican brown bear, and various species of deer and birds.

Human Activity[edit | edit source]

The Apennines have been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of human activity dating back to the Bronze Age. Today, the mountains are a popular destination for outdoor activities such as hiking, skiing, and mountaineering. The region is also known for its traditional agriculture and pastoralism.

Related pages[edit | edit source]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • Map of the Apennine Mountains

  • Europe during the Middle Bronze Age

  • Subdivision of the Apennine chain

  • Panorama from Passo della Cisa

  • Valle Trebbia

  • Monte Cimone

  • Monte Altissimo delle Apuane

  • Tevere River

  • Monte Priora

  • Cows grazing under Corno Grande

  • Majella massif

  • Monti Picentini

  • Monte Pollino

  • Roccia Centrale del Latte

  • Monte Cimone

  • Marsican brown bear

  • Italian wolf

  • Bombina variegata pachypus

  • Young fish in a lake

  • Tratturo Pescasseroli-Candela

  • Monti della Laga

  • Liri River

  • Pillow basalt in Italy

  • Adriatic Plate

  • Pietra di Bismantova

  • Corno Grande

  • Monte Velino

  • Monte Vettore

  • Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, Lazio e Molise

  • Tetramer structure of Argininosuccinate lyase

  • Mechanism of Argininosuccinate lyase

  • Active site of Argininosuccinate lyase with argininosuccinate

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD