Arteria circumflexa humeri

Arteria Circumflexa Humeri is a significant artery in the human body, primarily involved in supplying blood to the humerus and surrounding muscular and skeletal structures. This article delves into its anatomy, function, and clinical significance.

Anatomy

The Arteria Circumflexa Humeri, commonly known as the Circumflex Humeral Artery, branches off from the Axillary Artery just below the shoulder. It is divided into two major branches: the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries.

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

The anterior circumflex humeral artery is smaller compared to its posterior counterpart. It courses horizontally, running anterior to the surgical neck of the humerus and supplies the deltoid and pectoral muscles. It anastomoses with the posterior circumflex humeral artery, forming a vascular network around the surgical neck of the humerus.

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

The posterior circumflex humeral artery is larger and wraps around the surgical neck of the humerus posteriorly. It passes through the quadrangular space, a gap formed by the humerus, long head of the triceps, and the upper arm's proximal humeral shaft. This artery supplies blood to the deltoid muscle, rotator cuff muscles, and the bone of the upper arm.

Function

The primary function of the Arteria Circumflexa Humeri is to supply oxygenated blood to the upper arm, particularly the humerus, and the surrounding muscles, including the deltoid and parts of the rotator cuff. Its role is crucial for the nourishment and functioning of these structures, facilitating upper limb movement and stability.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the Arteria Circumflexa Humeri can occur due to fractures of the humerus, especially at the surgical neck, or during shoulder surgeries. Such injuries can lead to inadequate blood supply to the upper arm muscles, potentially resulting in muscle weakness or necrosis. Additionally, the artery's proximity to the axillary nerve makes it susceptible to damage during surgical procedures, which can affect deltoid muscle function and sensation over the shoulder.

See Also

• Axillary Artery
• Humerus
• Deltoid Muscle
• Rotator Cuff