Humeral circumflex artery

Humeral Circumflex Artery

The axillary artery and its branches, including the humeral circumflex arteries. (Anterior humeral circumflex labeled at center right.)

The Humeral Circumflex Artery is a significant blood vessel found in the upper arm, specifically in the region of the humerus. It is typically divided into two primary branches: the Anterior Humeral Circumflex Artery and the Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery. These arteries play a crucial role in supplying blood to the shoulder joint and surrounding muscles.

Structure

The Humeral Circumflex Artery originates from the axillary artery, which is the main artery supplying blood to the upper limb. The artery then divides into its two main branches:

• Anterior Humeral Circumflex Artery: This artery typically runs anteriorly, wrapping around the surgical neck of the humerus. It supplies blood to the anterior part of the deltoid muscle and the shoulder joint.
• Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery: This artery usually runs posteriorly, also wrapping around the surgical neck of the humerus. It supplies blood to the posterior part of the deltoid muscle, the teres major muscle, and the shoulder joint.

The arteries of the scapula and humerus, including the humeral circumflex arteries. (Posterior humeral circumflex labeled at center right.)

Function

The Humeral Circumflex Artery, through its anterior and posterior branches, provides oxygenated blood to the muscles and structures around the shoulder joint. This includes the deltoid muscle, the teres major muscle, and the shoulder joint itself.

Clinical Significance

Injury to the Humeral Circumflex Artery can lead to significant blood loss, as this artery is a major blood supplier to the upper arm. It can also result in compartment syndrome, a serious condition that involves increased pressure in a muscle compartment. It can lead to muscle and nerve damage and problems with blood flow.

See Also

• Axillary artery
• Humerus
• Deltoid muscle
• Teres major muscle