Arteriolar vasodilator

Arteriolar Vasodilator

An Arteriolar Vasodilator is a type of pharmacological agent that functions to dilate (widen) the arterioles, which are small branches of arteries leading into capillaries. This dilation results in a decrease in vascular resistance, which can lead to a decrease in blood pressure.

Mechanism of Action

Arteriolar vasodilators act on the smooth muscle cells that line the arterioles. They inhibit the action of calcium ions, which are necessary for these muscles to contract. By inhibiting calcium, these drugs cause the muscles to relax, leading to vasodilation.

Types of Arteriolar Vasodilators

There are several types of arteriolar vasodilators, including:

• Hydralazine: This drug is often used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the arterioles, leading to vasodilation.

• Minoxidil: This drug is used to treat severe hypertension. It works by opening potassium channels, which leads to relaxation of the smooth muscles in the arterioles.

• Sodium Nitroprusside: This drug is used to treat hypertensive emergencies. It works by releasing nitric oxide, which leads to relaxation of the smooth muscles in the arterioles.

Side Effects

Common side effects of arteriolar vasodilators include headache, dizziness, tachycardia, and edema. These side effects are usually a result of the body's attempt to compensate for the decrease in blood pressure.

See Also

• Vasodilation
• Vasoconstriction
• Hypertension
• Heart Failure