Articular facets

Articular Facets are the flat surfaces on the bones where they come into contact and form joints. They are covered with a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction and absorbs shock in the joint. The shape and size of articular facets can vary greatly depending on the type of joint and the movement it allows.

Anatomy of Articular Facets

Articular facets are found on many different bones throughout the body. They are most commonly associated with the vertebrae, where they form the facet joints that allow for movement of the spine. Each vertebra has two pairs of facet joints: one pair faces upward (superior articular facets) and one pair faces downward (inferior articular facets).

In the knee joint, the articular facets are found on the tibia and femur. The tibia has two articular facets, one for the femur and one for the fibula. The femur has two articular facets as well, one for the tibia and one for the patella.

Function of Articular Facets

The primary function of articular facets is to form joints and allow for movement. The shape and orientation of the facets determine the type of movement that a joint can perform. For example, the articular facets in the spine allow for flexion and extension, lateral flexion, and rotation.

In addition to allowing movement, the articular facets also play a role in stabilizing the joint. The facets interlock with each other, which helps to prevent dislocation and other forms of joint instability.

Clinical Significance

Conditions such as osteoarthritis can cause degeneration of the articular facets, leading to pain and reduced mobility. Treatment for facet joint disorders can include physical therapy, medication, and in some cases, surgery.