Austrolittorina antipodum

Austrolittorina antipodum 01

Austrolittorina antipodum is a species of small gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, commonly known as the periwinkles. This species is endemic to New Zealand and is found in the intertidal zone of rocky shores.

Description

Austrolittorina antipodum has a small, conical shell that can vary in color from light brown to dark grey. The shell is typically smooth with fine growth lines and can reach up to 15 mm in height. The aperture is oval, and the operculum is horny and brown.

Distribution and Habitat

This species is found exclusively in New Zealand, including the North Island, South Island, and various offshore islands. Austrolittorina antipodum inhabits the intertidal zone, often found on rocky substrates where it grazes on algae.

Ecology

Austrolittorina antipodum plays a significant role in the intertidal ecosystem as a grazer. It feeds primarily on microalgae and biofilm, helping to control algal growth on rocks. This species is preyed upon by various shorebirds and predatory invertebrates.

Reproduction

The reproductive cycle of Austrolittorina antipodum involves the release of eggs and sperm into the water column, where fertilization occurs. The larvae are planktonic and undergo several developmental stages before settling onto the substrate as juvenile snails.

Conservation Status

Currently, there are no major threats to Austrolittorina antipodum, and it is not listed as endangered. However, like many intertidal species, it could be affected by habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change.

Related Pages

• Gastropod
• Littorinidae
• Intertidal zone
• New Zealand

References

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Austrolittorina antipodum
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:
Family:	Littorinidae

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