Autism (journal)

Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Parents often notice signs during the first three years of their child's life. These signs often develop gradually, though some children with autism experience worsening in their communication and social skills after reaching developmental milestones at a normal pace.

Symptoms and signs

Autism is distinguished by a pattern of symptoms rather than one single symptom. The main signs and symptoms are problems with social communication and interaction. More details about the symptoms and signs can be found on the symptoms and signs of autism page.

Causes

While the exact cause of autism is unknown, it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. More information can be found on the causes of autism page.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on behavior, not cause or mechanism. Under the DSM-5, autism is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts. More details about the diagnosis can be found on the diagnosis of autism page.

Treatment

There is no known cure for autism, although those with the condition can be helped to some degree with behavioral treatment and other therapies. More information can be found on the treatment of autism page.

Prognosis

The prognosis for people with autism varies greatly. Some individuals with autism may live independently, while others may need significant support. More details about the prognosis can be found on the prognosis of autism page.

Epidemiology

Autism affects about 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports 20 per 1,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with the disorder. More information can be found on the epidemiology of autism page.

History

The word "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction. More details about the history can be found on the history of autism page.

See also

• Asperger syndrome
• Pervasive developmental disorder
• Childhood disintegrative disorder
• Rett syndrome