Awn hair

Awn hair refers to a specific type of hair found in the fur of some mammals, particularly those with dense undercoats. It is one of the three main types of hair that make up the mammalian coat, the others being the guard hair and the undercoat. Awn hairs are intermediate in length and function, serving both as insulation and as protection for the skin against minor physical damages.

Characteristics

Awn hairs are distinguished by their intermediate length, being longer than the soft, insulative undercoat but shorter than the outer guard hairs. They often have a more flexible texture compared to the stiff guard hairs. Awn hairs play a crucial role in the thermoregulation of mammals, helping to maintain body temperature by providing an additional layer of insulation. Moreover, they can help in wicking away moisture from the skin, contributing to the animal's overall comfort and hygiene.

Function

The primary function of awn hairs is to serve as a middle layer in the mammalian coat, offering both insulation and protection. They help to trap air close to the skin, which reduces the amount of heat lost to the environment. This is particularly important in cold climates, where maintaining body heat is vital for survival. In addition to thermal regulation, awn hairs also protect the skin from minor abrasions and enhance the waterproofing properties of the coat.

Distribution

Awn hairs are found in a variety of mammals, especially those adapted to cold environments. Species with well-developed awn hairs include many types of canids, such as wolves and foxes, as well as domestic dogs with double coats. Other animals with notable awn hair layers include certain species of deer, goats, and sheep.

Comparison with Other Hair Types

While guard hair is primarily responsible for protection against wear and external moisture, and the undercoat provides soft, dense insulation, awn hairs occupy a functional middle ground. Their structure and length allow them to contribute to both the protective and insulative properties of the mammalian coat.

Care and Grooming

For domestic animals with significant awn hair, regular grooming is essential to maintain coat health. This includes brushing to remove tangles and prevent matting, which can compromise the coat's insulative and protective functions. Grooming also helps to distribute natural oils throughout the coat, maintaining its waterproofing and conditioning.

See Also

• Fur
• Hair
• Thermoregulation in animals
• Animal coat