Axial bond

Axial Bond

An axial bond is a type of chemical bond that is part of the three-dimensional structure of certain molecular structures. It is a term used primarily in the field of chemistry and molecular geometry.

Definition

In the context of molecular geometry, an axial bond is one that runs parallel to the axis of a molecule. This is in contrast to an equatorial bond, which runs around the equator of the molecule. The terms "axial" and "equatorial" are used to describe the positions of atoms or groups in relation to the overall structure of the molecule.

Characteristics

Axial bonds are typically longer and weaker than equatorial bonds due to the increased steric hindrance. This is because axial bonds are often subject to more repulsion from other bonds in the molecule, which can lead to a higher energy state and a less stable molecule.

Examples

One of the most common examples of a molecule with axial bonds is cyclohexane. In the chair conformation of cyclohexane, there are six axial and six equatorial bonds. The axial bonds are perpendicular to the plane of the ring, while the equatorial bonds are in the plane of the ring.

See also

• Chemical bond
• Molecular geometry
• Steric hindrance
• Cyclohexane