Axis deer

Axis deer (Axis axis), also known as the chital deer or spotted deer, is a species of deer that is native to the Indian subcontinent. The axis deer is known for its striking coat, which is bright rufous fawn, marked with white spots, and its long, black-tipped tail. It is a moderately large deer species and one of the most common in its native habitat.

Description

The axis deer stands approximately 90 cm (35 in) at the shoulder and weighs around 75 kg (165 lbs). Males are larger than females and have large, three-pronged antlers that can grow up to 75 cm (30 in) in length. The species is easily distinguished by its beautiful coat marked with white spots, which remain throughout its life.

Habitat and Distribution

Originally, the axis deer was found widely across the Indian subcontinent, including Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, and parts of Pakistan. Its habitat ranges from grasslands and woodlands to dense forests. Due to habitat loss and hunting, its range has become more restricted, but it has also been introduced to other parts of the world, including the United States, Australia, and several countries in Europe, where it has adapted well to local environments.

Behavior and Ecology

Axis deer are highly social animals, often found in large herds. They are primarily grazers, feeding on grasses, but will also consume leaves, fruits, and branches. The species is known for its high reproductive rate; females can give birth to two fawns a year. Axis deer are preyed upon by several predators within their natural habitat, including tigers, leopards, and dholes.

Conservation Status

The IUCN Red List currently lists the axis deer as Least Concern due to its wide distribution and large populations, especially in well-protected areas. However, local populations can be affected by habitat loss, poaching, and predation by feral dogs.

Cultural Significance

In its native India, the axis deer holds a place in Hindu mythology and is frequently depicted in ancient art and literature. It is associated with various deities and is considered a symbol of beauty and vitality.

See Also

• Deer
• Wildlife of India
• Invasive species