Basic research

Basic research (also known as pure research or fundamental research) is a type of scientific research aimed at improving scientific theories for improved understanding or prediction of natural or other phenomena. Unlike applied research, which is primarily focused on the use and application of existing scientific knowledge, basic research is driven by curiosity and the desire to expand knowledge in a specific research area.

Definition

The term basic research refers to study and research meant to increase our scientific knowledge base. This type of research is often purely theoretical, with the intent of increasing our understanding of certain phenomena or facts without necessarily leading to an immediate practical application. Basic research can lead to new scientific phenomena, concepts, and theories, which are not immediately applicable in the real world but form the basis of scientific progress.

Purpose

The primary purpose of basic research is to expand knowledge and understanding with no immediate commercial considerations. This type of research serves as a foundation for applied research, which is focused on the development of solutions to specific problems. Basic research is often a long-term investment, as the benefits and potential applications of the research may not be immediately apparent.

Methods

Basic research employs various methods depending on the discipline and the specific research question. These methods can include experimental research, observational studies, theoretical modeling, and others. The choice of method is often dictated by the nature of the research question and the resources available.

Funding

Funding for basic research often comes from government agencies, such as the National Science Foundation in the United States, or from private foundations. The funding is often granted based on the potential of the research to contribute to the existing body of knowledge, rather than immediate commercial potential.

Criticism and Controversy

While basic research is widely recognized as essential for scientific progress, it has also been the subject of criticism and controversy. Critics argue that the focus on basic research may divert resources away from applied research, which has more immediate benefits. However, proponents argue that basic research is necessary to drive innovation and progress in the long term.

See also

• Applied research
• Experimental research
• Observational study
• Theoretical physics