Batten disease
| Batten disease | |
|---|---|
| [[File:|250px|alt=|]] | |
| Synonyms | Spielmeyer–Vogt–Sjögren–Batten disease, Batten–Mayou disease, Vogt–Spielmeyer disease |
| Pronounce | |
| Field | Endocrinology |
| Symptoms | |
| Complications | |
| Onset | 5 to 10 years old[1] |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Genetic[1] |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | 3 per 100,000 births[1] |
| Deaths | |
Batten disease is the name for a group of inherited nervous system disorders that most often begin in childhood and interfere with a cell's ability to recycle a cellular residue called lipofuscin.
Types[edit | edit source]
Batten is commonly being used to describe the many forms of the disease, called neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. The many forms of the disease are classified by the gene that causes the disorder, with each gene being called CLN (ceroid lipofucinosis, neuronal) and given a different number as its subtype. Because of the different gene mutations, signs and symptoms range in severity and progress at different rates.
Signs and symptoms[edit | edit source]
Symptoms generally include:
- progressive vision loss leading to blindness,
- seizures,
- movement disorder, and
- dementia.
Other symptoms[edit | edit source]
Developmental skills such as standing, walking, and talking may not be achieved or are gradually lost. Other symptoms that continue to worsen over time include learning difficulties, poor concentration, and progressive loss of language skills and speech. Most children become bedridden and unable to communicate. Some children develop problems sleeping.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Currently, most diagnoses of Batten disease are made by genetic testing.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of cerliponase alfa to slow the progression of symptoms in children with a late infantile form of the disorder called CLN2.
No cure[edit | edit source]
Currently no specific treatment can reverse the symptoms of Batten disease or any form of CLN. Seizures can sometimes be reduced or controlled with anticonvulsant drugs, and other medical problems can be treated appropriately as they arise.
Supportive measures[edit | edit source]
Physical therapy and occupational therapy may help individuals retain functioning as long as possible.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
Over time, affected children suffer cognitive impairment, worsening seizures, and progressive loss of sight and motor skills. Eventually, children with Batten disease become blind, bedridden, and have dementia. Children with Batten disease have a greatly shortened life expectancy. Children with infantile Batten disease often die in early childhood. Children with later onset forms of the disease may live into their teens to thirties, while those who develop the disease in adulthood may have a normal life expectancy.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Batten Disease Fact Sheet". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
External links[edit | edit source]
| Classification | |
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| External resources |
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| Batten disease Resources | |
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