Battery acid

Battery Acid is a common term used to refer to the electrolyte in a battery, particularly in lead-acid batteries. It is a solution of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and water (H₂O), which facilitates the chemical reaction that provides the battery's electrical energy.

Composition

Battery acid is typically composed of 25-35% sulfuric acid and 65-75% water. The exact concentration can vary depending on the specific type of battery. The sulfuric acid is a strong acid that can cause severe burns and other injuries. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent.

Role in Battery Operation

In a lead-acid battery, the battery acid serves as the electrolyte, the medium through which ions move between the electrodes. This movement of ions is what allows the battery to produce an electric current. The sulfuric acid reacts with the lead in the electrodes to produce lead sulfate and hydrogen ions, which generate an electric charge.

Safety Considerations

Due to its corrosive nature, handling battery acid requires caution. It can cause severe skin burns and eye damage, and its fumes can cause respiratory irritation. Therefore, it is important to use appropriate personal protective equipment when handling battery acid, and to work in a well-ventilated area.

Disposal and Environmental Impact

Improper disposal of battery acid can have serious environmental consequences, as it can contaminate soil and water. Many jurisdictions have regulations in place for the proper disposal of battery acid and used batteries. It is important to follow these regulations to minimize environmental harm.

See Also

• Lead-acid battery
• Electrolyte
• Sulfuric acid
• Chemical reaction
• Electrode