Bee balm

Bee balm (Monarda) is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to North America and includes several species that are commonly grown for their aromatic leaves and vibrant flowers. Bee balm is also known by other names such as bergamot, horsemint, and Oswego tea.

Description

Bee balm plants are herbaceous perennials that typically grow to a height of 2-4 feet. They have square stems, a characteristic feature of the mint family, and opposite leaves that are aromatic when crushed. The flowers are tubular and come in a variety of colors including red, pink, purple, and white. They are arranged in dense, globular clusters at the tops of the stems.

Species

Some of the notable species of bee balm include:

• Monarda didyma - Scarlet bee balm
• Monarda fistulosa - Wild bergamot
• Monarda punctata - Spotted bee balm

Cultivation

Bee balm is a popular plant in gardening and landscaping due to its attractive flowers and ability to attract pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Bee balm is also known for its resistance to deer and rabbits.

Uses

The leaves of bee balm can be used to make a fragrant tea, which was traditionally used by the Oswego Native Americans, hence the name Oswego tea. The plant also has medicinal properties and has been used to treat various ailments such as colds, headaches, and digestive issues.

Pests and Diseases

Bee balm is susceptible to powdery mildew, a fungal disease that causes a white, powdery coating on the leaves. To prevent this, it is important to provide good air circulation around the plants and avoid overhead watering.

Related Pages

• Lamiaceae
• Perennial plant
• Pollinator
• Herbal tea
• Medicinal plants