Beryllium hydroxide

BeOH.png

Beryllium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Be(OH)₂. It is a white solid that is insoluble in water but soluble in acids and alkalis. Beryllium hydroxide is an amphoteric compound, meaning it can react with both acids and bases.

Synthesis

Beryllium hydroxide can be synthesized by reacting beryllium chloride or beryllium sulfate with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. The reaction typically produces a white precipitate of beryllium hydroxide: <math>BeCl₂ + 2 NaOH → Be(OH)₂ + 2 NaCl</math>

Properties

Beryllium hydroxide has a hexagonal crystal structure and exhibits tetrahedral coordination. It decomposes upon heating to form beryllium oxide (BeO) and water. The compound is known for its toxicity and carcinogenic properties, necessitating careful handling and storage.

Applications

Beryllium hydroxide is primarily used in the production of beryllium metal and beryllium compounds. It serves as an intermediate in the extraction of beryllium from ores such as bertrandite and beryl. The compound is also used in the manufacture of specialized ceramics and electronic components.

Safety

Due to its toxicity and carcinogenic nature, beryllium hydroxide poses significant health risks. Inhalation of beryllium compounds can lead to chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and lung cancer. Proper safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and adequate ventilation, are essential when handling this compound.

See also

• Beryllium
• Beryllium oxide
• Beryllium chloride
• Beryllium sulfate
• Amphoteric compound