Potassium hydroxide

Potassium Hydroxide (also known as caustic potash or KOH) is an inorganic compound that is a strong alkali, similar to sodium hydroxide (NaOH). It is a white solid that is highly corrosive and is used in various industrial applications.

Chemical Properties

Potassium hydroxide is an ionic compound consisting of potassium ions (K+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). It is a strong base, meaning it readily accepts protons from acids. When dissolved in water, it forms a solution of potassium ions and hydroxide ions, which is highly alkaline.

Physical Properties

Potassium hydroxide is a white solid at room temperature. It is highly soluble in water, with the dissolution process being highly exothermic, releasing a significant amount of heat.

Production

Potassium hydroxide is typically produced industrially by the electrolysis of a solution of potassium chloride. This process also produces chlorine gas, which can be collected and used in other industrial processes.

Uses

Potassium hydroxide has a wide range of uses in various industries. It is used in the production of soap, as a pH regulator in agriculture, in the production of biodiesel, and in the manufacture of alkaline batteries.

Safety

Due to its corrosive nature, potassium hydroxide can cause severe burns if it comes into contact with skin or eyes. It is also harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Therefore, appropriate safety measures should be taken when handling this chemical.

See Also

• Sodium hydroxide
• Potassium chloride
• Acid-base reaction

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  3D model of potassium hydroxide crystal structure

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  Battery leakage showing potassium hydroxide

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  Potassium hydroxide spillage