Beta agonist

Beta agonists are a class of drugs that are primarily used for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They work by relaxing the muscles in the airways, which allows the airways to open up and makes it easier to breathe.

Mechanism of Action

Beta agonists work by binding to beta-2 adrenergic receptors on the surface of muscle cells in the airways. This binding triggers a series of chemical reactions inside the cell that leads to the relaxation of the muscle. This process is known as bronchodilation, and it results in an increase in airflow to the lungs.

Types of Beta Agonists

There are two main types of beta agonists: short-acting and long-acting.

Short-Acting Beta Agonists

Short-acting beta agonists (SABAs) provide quick relief from symptoms of asthma and COPD. They are typically used on an as-needed basis and can start to work within minutes. Examples of SABAs include albuterol and levalbuterol.

Long-Acting Beta Agonists

Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs) are used for long-term control of asthma and COPD symptoms. They are typically used in combination with other medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids, and can provide relief for up to 12 hours. Examples of LABAs include salmeterol and formoterol.

Side Effects

Like all medications, beta agonists can cause side effects. Common side effects include tachycardia (fast heart rate), tremor (shaking), and nervousness. Less common but more serious side effects can include arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm), hypokalemia (low potassium levels), and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels).

See Also

• Asthma
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Bronchodilator
• Adrenergic receptor