Beta carotene

Beta Carotene is a red-orange pigment found in plants and fruits, especially carrots and colorful vegetables. It is part of a group of pigments called carotenoids, which are naturally occurring pigments synthesized by plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria.

Chemical Structure

The chemical formula of beta carotene is C40H56. It is composed of two identical molecules formed by a series of conjugated double bonds. These double bonds interact with light, which gives beta carotene its unique color.

Sources of Beta Carotene

Beta carotene is found in many fruits and vegetables. The richest sources include carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and kale. It is also found in lesser amounts in fruits like mangoes, apricots, and cantaloupes.

Health Benefits

Beta carotene is a powerful antioxidant, which means it helps protect the body against damaging molecules called free radicals. It is also a precursor of vitamin A, which means the body can convert it into vitamin A as needed. Vitamin A is essential for healthy skin, immune function, and good eye health and vision.

Potential Risks

While beta carotene is generally considered safe, it can be harmful in high doses, especially when taken as a supplement. High levels of beta carotene can turn the skin yellow or orange, a condition called carotenemia. It is also worth noting that studies have found a link between high-dose beta carotene supplements and an increased risk of lung cancer in smokers.

See Also

• Vitamin A
• Carotenoids
• Antioxidants

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